<!-- Copyright 2017 Capital One Services, LLC and Bitwise, Inc.
 Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 You may obtain a copy of the License at
 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License. -->
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<title>GNU Operating System</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/style.css">
</head>
<body>
	<p>
		<span class="header-1">GNU Lesser General Public License,
			version 2.1</span>
	</p>

	<pre>
Copyright (C) 1991, 1999 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

[This is the first released version of the Lesser GPL.  It also counts
 as the successor of the GNU Library Public License, version 2, hence
 the version number 2.1.]
</pre>


	<h3>
		<a id="SEC2">Preamble</a>
	</h3>

	<p>The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
		freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
		Licenses are intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change
		free software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.</p>
	<p>This license, the Lesser General Public License, applies to some
		specially designated software packages--typically libraries--of the
		Free Software Foundation and other authors who decide to use it. You
		can use it too, but we suggest you first think carefully about whether
		this license or the ordinary General Public License is the better
		strategy to use in any particular case, based on the explanations
		below.</p>
	<p>When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom of
		use, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure
		that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and
		charge for this service if you wish); that you receive source code or
		can get it if you want it; that you can change the software and use
		pieces of it in new free programs; and that you are informed that you
		can do these things.</p>
	<p>To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
		distributors to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender these
		rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for
		you if you distribute copies of the library or if you modify it.</p>
	<p>For example, if you distribute copies of the library, whether
		gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
		we gave you. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
		source code. If you link other code with the library, you must provide
		complete object files to the recipients, so that they can relink them
		with the library after making changes to the library and recompiling
		it. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.</p>
	<p>We protect your rights with a two-step method: (1) we copyright
		the library, and (2) we offer you this license, which gives you legal
		permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the library.</p>
	<p>To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that
		there is no warranty for the free library. Also, if the library is
		modified by someone else and passed on, the recipients should know
		that what they have is not the original version, so that the original
		author's reputation will not be affected by problems that might be
		introduced by others.</p>
	<p>Finally, software patents pose a constant threat to the
		existence of any free program. We wish to make sure that a company
		cannot effectively restrict the users of a free program by obtaining a
		restrictive license from a patent holder. Therefore, we insist that
		any patent license obtained for a version of the library must be
		consistent with the full freedom of use specified in this license.</p>
	<p>Most GNU software, including some libraries, is covered by the
		ordinary GNU General Public License. This license, the GNU Lesser
		General Public License, applies to certain designated libraries, and
		is quite different from the ordinary General Public License. We use
		this license for certain libraries in order to permit linking those
		libraries into non-free programs.</p>
	<p>When a program is linked with a library, whether statically or
		using a shared library, the combination of the two is legally speaking
		a combined work, a derivative of the original library. The ordinary
		General Public License therefore permits such linking only if the
		entire combination fits its criteria of freedom. The Lesser General
		Public License permits more lax criteria for linking other code with
		the library.</p>
	<p>We call this license the "Lesser" General Public License because
		it does Less to protect the user's freedom than the ordinary General
		Public License. It also provides other free software developers Less
		of an advantage over competing non-free programs. These disadvantages
		are the reason we use the ordinary General Public License for many
		libraries. However, the Lesser license provides advantages in certain
		special circumstances.</p>
	<p>For example, on rare occasions, there may be a special need to
		encourage the widest possible use of a certain library, so that it
		becomes a de-facto standard. To achieve this, non-free programs must
		be allowed to use the library. A more frequent case is that a free
		library does the same job as widely used non-free libraries. In this
		case, there is little to gain by limiting the free library to free
		software only, so we use the Lesser General Public License.</p>
	<p>In other cases, permission to use a particular library in
		non-free programs enables a greater number of people to use a large
		body of free software. For example, permission to use the GNU C
		Library in non-free programs enables many more people to use the whole
		GNU operating system, as well as its variant, the GNU/Linux operating
		system.</p>
	<p>Although the Lesser General Public License is Less protective of
		the users' freedom, it does ensure that the user of a program that is
		linked with the Library has the freedom and the wherewithal to run
		that program using a modified version of the Library.</p>
	<p>The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
		modification follow. Pay close attention to the difference between a
		"work based on the library" and a "work that uses the library". The
		former contains code derived from the library, whereas the latter must
		be combined with the library in order to run.</p>

	<h3>
		<a id="SEC3">TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND
			MODIFICATION</a>
	</h3>


	<p>
		<strong>0.</strong> This License Agreement applies to any software
		library or other program which contains a notice placed by the
		copyright holder or other authorized party saying it may be
		distributed under the terms of this Lesser General Public License
		(also called "this License"). Each licensee is addressed as "you".
	</p>
	<p>A "library" means a collection of software functions and/or data
		prepared so as to be conveniently linked with application programs
		(which use some of those functions and data) to form executables.</p>
	<p>The "Library", below, refers to any such software library or
		work which has been distributed under these terms. A "work based on
		the Library" means either the Library or any derivative work under
		copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Library or a
		portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated
		straightforwardly into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is
		included without limitation in the term "modification".)</p>
	<p>"Source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work
		for making modifications to it. For a library, complete source code
		means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
		associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
		control compilation and installation of the library.</p>
	<p>Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are
		not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of
		running a program using the Library is not restricted, and output from
		such a program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based
		on the Library (independent of the use of the Library in a tool for
		writing it). Whether that is true depends on what the Library does and
		what the program that uses the Library does.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>1.</strong> You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the
		Library's complete source code as you receive it, in any medium,
		provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy
		an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep
		intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence
		of any warranty; and distribute a copy of this License along with the
		Library.
	</p>
	<p>You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a
		copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange
		for a fee.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>2.</strong> You may modify your copy or copies of the Library
		or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Library, and
		copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of
		Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
	</p>

	<ul>
		<li><strong>a)</strong> The modified work must itself be a
			software library.</li>
		<li><strong>b)</strong> You must cause the files modified to
			carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the
			date of any change.</li>

		<li><strong>c)</strong> You must cause the whole of the work to
			be licensed at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this
			License.</li>

		<li><strong>d)</strong> If a facility in the modified Library
			refers to a function or a table of data to be supplied by an
			application program that uses the facility, other than as an argument
			passed when the facility is invoked, then you must make a good faith
			effort to ensure that, in the event an application does not supply
			such function or table, the facility still operates, and performs
			whatever part of its purpose remains meaningful.
			<p>(For example, a function in a library to compute square roots
				has a purpose that is entirely well-defined independent of the
				application. Therefore, Subsection 2d requires that any
				application-supplied function or table used by this function must be
				optional: if the application does not supply it, the square root
				function must still compute square roots.)</p></li>
	</ul>

	<p>These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
		identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Library,
		and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
		themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
		sections when you distribute them as separate works. But when you
		distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
		on the Library, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
		this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
		entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote
		it.</p>
	<p>Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or
		contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the
		intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of
		derivative or collective works based on the Library.</p>
	<p>In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the
		Library with the Library (or with a work based on the Library) on a
		volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other
		work under the scope of this License.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>3.</strong> You may opt to apply the terms of the ordinary GNU
		General Public License instead of this License to a given copy of the
		Library. To do this, you must alter all the notices that refer to this
		License, so that they refer to the ordinary GNU General Public
		License, version 2, instead of to this License. (If a newer version
		than version 2 of the ordinary GNU General Public License has
		appeared, then you can specify that version instead if you wish.) Do
		not make any other change in these notices.
	</p>
	<p>Once this change is made in a given copy, it is irreversible for
		that copy, so the ordinary GNU General Public License applies to all
		subsequent copies and derivative works made from that copy.</p>
	<p>This option is useful when you wish to copy part of the code of
		the Library into a program that is not a library.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>4.</strong> You may copy and distribute the Library (or a
		portion or derivative of it, under Section 2) in object code or
		executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided
		that you accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
		source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1
		and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange.
	</p>
	<p>If distribution of object code is made by offering access to
		copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent access to copy
		the source code from the same place satisfies the requirement to
		distribute the source code, even though third parties are not
		compelled to copy the source along with the object code.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>5.</strong> A program that contains no derivative of any
		portion of the Library, but is designed to work with the Library by
		being compiled or linked with it, is called a "work that uses the
		Library". Such a work, in isolation, is not a derivative work of the
		Library, and therefore falls outside the scope of this License.
	</p>
	<p>However, linking a "work that uses the Library" with the Library
		creates an executable that is a derivative of the Library (because it
		contains portions of the Library), rather than a "work that uses the
		library". The executable is therefore covered by this License. Section
		6 states terms for distribution of such executables.</p>
	<p>When a "work that uses the Library" uses material from a header
		file that is part of the Library, the object code for the work may be
		a derivative work of the Library even though the source code is not.
		Whether this is true is especially significant if the work can be
		linked without the Library, or if the work is itself a library. The
		threshold for this to be true is not precisely defined by law.</p>
	<p>If such an object file uses only numerical parameters, data
		structure layouts and accessors, and small macros and small inline
		functions (ten lines or less in length), then the use of the object
		file is unrestricted, regardless of whether it is legally a derivative
		work. (Executables containing this object code plus portions of the
		Library will still fall under Section 6.)</p>
	<p>Otherwise, if the work is a derivative of the Library, you may
		distribute the object code for the work under the terms of Section 6.
		Any executables containing that work also fall under Section 6,
		whether or not they are linked directly with the Library itself.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>6.</strong> As an exception to the Sections above, you may
		also combine or link a "work that uses the Library" with the Library
		to produce a work containing portions of the Library, and distribute
		that work under terms of your choice, provided that the terms permit
		modification of the work for the customer's own use and reverse
		engineering for debugging such modifications.
	</p>
	<p>You must give prominent notice with each copy of the work that
		the Library is used in it and that the Library and its use are covered
		by this License. You must supply a copy of this License. If the work
		during execution displays copyright notices, you must include the
		copyright notice for the Library among them, as well as a reference
		directing the user to the copy of this License. Also, you must do one
		of these things:</p>

	<ul>
		<li><strong>a)</strong> Accompany the work with the complete
			corresponding machine-readable source code for the Library including
			whatever changes were used in the work (which must be distributed
			under Sections 1 and 2 above); and, if the work is an executable
			linked with the Library, with the complete machine-readable "work
			that uses the Library", as object code and/or source code, so that
			the user can modify the Library and then relink to produce a modified
			executable containing the modified Library. (It is understood that
			the user who changes the contents of definitions files in the Library
			will not necessarily be able to recompile the application to use the
			modified definitions.)</li>

		<li><strong>b)</strong> Use a suitable shared library mechanism
			for linking with the Library. A suitable mechanism is one that (1)
			uses at run time a copy of the library already present on the user's
			computer system, rather than copying library functions into the
			executable, and (2) will operate properly with a modified version of
			the library, if the user installs one, as long as the modified
			version is interface-compatible with the version that the work was
			made with.</li>

		<li><strong>c)</strong> Accompany the work with a written offer,
			valid for at least three years, to give the same user the materials
			specified in Subsection 6a, above, for a charge no more than the cost
			of performing this distribution.</li>

		<li><strong>d)</strong> If distribution of the work is made by
			offering access to copy from a designated place, offer equivalent
			access to copy the above specified materials from the same place.</li>

		<li><strong>e)</strong> Verify that the user has already received
			a copy of these materials or that you have already sent this user a
			copy.</li>
	</ul>

	<p>For an executable, the required form of the "work that uses the
		Library" must include any data and utility programs needed for
		reproducing the executable from it. However, as a special exception,
		the materials to be distributed need not include anything that is
		normally distributed (in either source or binary form) with the major
		components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the operating system on
		which the executable runs, unless that component itself accompanies
		the executable.</p>
	<p>It may happen that this requirement contradicts the license
		restrictions of other proprietary libraries that do not normally
		accompany the operating system. Such a contradiction means you cannot
		use both them and the Library together in an executable that you
		distribute.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>7.</strong> You may place library facilities that are a work
		based on the Library side-by-side in a single library together with
		other library facilities not covered by this License, and distribute
		such a combined library, provided that the separate distribution of
		the work based on the Library and of the other library facilities is
		otherwise permitted, and provided that you do these two things:
	</p>

	<ul>
		<li><strong>a)</strong> Accompany the combined library with a
			copy of the same work based on the Library, uncombined with any other
			library facilities. This must be distributed under the terms of the
			Sections above.</li>

		<li><strong>b)</strong> Give prominent notice with the combined
			library of the fact that part of it is a work based on the Library,
			and explaining where to find the accompanying uncombined form of the
			same work.</li>
	</ul>

	<p>
		<strong>8.</strong> You may not copy, modify, sublicense, link with,
		or distribute the Library except as expressly provided under this
		License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, link with,
		or distribute the Library is void, and will automatically terminate
		your rights under this License. However, parties who have received
		copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their
		licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
	</p>
	<p>
		<strong>9.</strong> You are not required to accept this License, since
		you have not signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to
		modify or distribute the Library or its derivative works. These
		actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.
		Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Library (or any work based
		on the Library), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do
		so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or
		modifying the Library or works based on it.
	</p>
	<p>
		<strong>10.</strong> Each time you redistribute the Library (or any
		work based on the Library), the recipient automatically receives a
		license from the original licensor to copy, distribute, link with or
		modify the Library subject to these terms and conditions. You may not
		impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the
		rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing
		compliance by third parties with this License.
	</p>
	<p>
		<strong>11.</strong> If, as a consequence of a court judgment or
		allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason (not limited
		to patent issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court
		order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this
		License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License.
		If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your
		obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations,
		then as a consequence you may not distribute the Library at all. For
		example, if a patent license would not permit royalty-free
		redistribution of the Library by all those who receive copies directly
		or indirectly through you, then the only way you could satisfy both it
		and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the
		Library.
	</p>
	<p>If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable
		under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is
		intended to apply, and the section as a whole is intended to apply in
		other circumstances.</p>
	<p>It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe
		any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of
		any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
		integrity of the free software distribution system which is
		implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
		generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
		through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
		system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
		to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
		impose that choice.</p>
	<p>This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is
		believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>12.</strong> If the distribution and/or use of the Library is
		restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted
		interfaces, the original copyright holder who places the Library under
		this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation
		excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in
		or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this License
		incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
	</p>
	<p>
		<strong>13.</strong> The Free Software Foundation may publish revised
		and/or new versions of the Lesser General Public License from time to
		time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present
		version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
	</p>
	<p>Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
		Library specifies a version number of this License which applies to it
		and "any later version", you have the option of following the terms
		and conditions either of that version or of any later version
		published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Library does not
		specify a license version number, you may choose any version ever
		published by the Free Software Foundation.</p>
	<p>
		<strong>14.</strong> If you wish to incorporate parts of the Library
		into other free programs whose distribution conditions are
		incompatible with these, write to the author to ask for permission.
		For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation,
		write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions
		for this. Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving
		the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of
		promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
	</p>
	<p>
		<strong>NO WARRANTY</strong>
	</p>
	<p>
		<strong>15.</strong> BECAUSE THE LIBRARY IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE,
		THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE LIBRARY, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
		APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
		HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE LIBRARY "AS IS" WITHOUT
		WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
		LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
		A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
		PERFORMANCE OF THE LIBRARY IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE LIBRARY PROVE
		DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR
		CORRECTION.
	</p>
	<p>
		<strong>16.</strong> IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR
		AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO
		MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE LIBRARY AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE
		LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL
		OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE
		THE LIBRARY (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
		RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A
		FAILURE OF THE LIBRARY TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER SOFTWARE), EVEN IF
		SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
		DAMAGES.
	</p>

	<h3>END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS</h3>

	<h3>
		<a id="SEC4">How to Apply These Terms to Your New Libraries</a>
	</h3>
	<p>If you develop a new library, and you want it to be of the
		greatest possible use to the public, we recommend making it free
		software that everyone can redistribute and change. You can do so by
		permitting redistribution under these terms (or, alternatively, under
		the terms of the ordinary General Public License).</p>
	<p>To apply these terms, attach the following notices to the
		library. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file
		to most effectively convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file
		should have at least the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the
		full notice is found.</p>

	<pre>
<var>one line to give the library's name and an idea of what it does.</var>
Copyright (C) <var>year</var>  <var>name of author</var>

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
Lesser General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
</pre>

	<p>Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and
		paper mail.</p>
	<p>You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer)
		or your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the
		library, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:</p>

	<pre>
Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in
the library `Frob' (a library for tweaking knobs) written
by James Random Hacker.

<var>signature of Ty Coon</var>, 1 April 1990
Ty Coon, President of Vice
</pre>

	<p>That's all there is to it!</p>

</body>
</html>